180), enumerated heresies and attacked them. His best-known book, "Against Heresies" (c. IRENAEUS OF LYONS A bishop in Gaul (now Lyons, France), notable early Catholic apologist and disciple of St. Gregory of Nyssa), Maximus the Confessor, and St. Cyril of Alexandria, the Cappadocian Fathers (St. The Greek Fathers, who wrote in Greek, included St. Losing patience, his killers stabbed him to death, and so much blood flowed from his body that the fire was doused. What are you waiting for? Bring forth what you will." Many witnesses reported that the rising flames did not burn his body. But you are ignorant of the fire of the coming judgment and of eternal punishment.
He shouted to the watching proconsul: "You threaten me with fire, which burns for an hour, and after a little is extinguished. Around 155, Polycarp was captured and dragged to the stadium to be burned alive for not paying homage to the emperor. 155): He was a bishop of Smyrna (now Izmir, Turkey) and a disciple of John the Evangelist known more for his spectacular martyrdom than anything he wrote. He stressed the value of the Eucharist, and he coined the term "Catholic Church." His hastily-written letters covered many topics: ecclesiology, the sacraments, the authority of bishops, and the Sabbath.
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En route to his martyrdom in Rome, where he was devoured by lions in the colosseum, Ignatius wrote a series of letters which we still have today.
35-110): He was the third bishop of Antioch (the see of Peter before he went to Rome) and a student of John the Evangelist, believed to be the author of the Gospel of John. His letter was copied and widely read in the early Church, and it is the earliest Christian epistle outside the New Testament. Before he died in about the year 96, he wrote an epistle (1 Clement) calling on the Christians of Corinth to maintain harmony and order. Clement, is actually mentioned in the Bible – in Philippians 4:3. They were the ones empowered by the Holy Spirit and who personally handed on the oral teaching of Jesus Christ, before the New Testament canon was collected in the late 4th century and then translated into Latin by a later Church Father, St. Most were martyred – crucified, beheaded, fed to the lions at the Roman colosseum, boiled in oil or burned alive. They were taught by the Apostles and personally witnessed the birth of the Church. The Apostolic Fathers lived and wrote in the second half of the first century and the first half of the second century. The era of the Church Fathers, called the Patristic period, ended in 749 with the death of St. They are generally divided into four categories based on when or where they lived: the Apostolic Fathers, the Greek (Eastern) Fathers, the Latin (Western) Fathers, and others such as the Desert Fathers.
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But they had powerful communication skills, personal holiness and doctrinal orthodoxy, so we honor them unofficially as "fathers" for their proximity to the Apostles, their explanations of how to understand and apply Scripture, and their ability to teach the Catholic faith. They were not all ordained, not all of them became saints, and they were not infallible. Check out what Pope Benedict XVI says about them and other Church Fathers not listed here at The Church Fathers were influential theologians, bishops or scholars whose writings explained key Scriptural principles in the early Church. Editor's note: Follow the links to read in-depth biographies of each of the Church Fathers.
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